Texas Governor Hardin Runnels appropriated $70,000 to fund a force of 100 Rangers led by the legendary Senior Captain John "RIP" Ford. 2021 The Texas Observer. I seriously doubt that they were just killed for no reason.. The series, followed by several films, created a new popular image of the Rangers as noble lawmen assisting those in need and meting out justice. Cotton was also grown locally. The events climax would be the unveiling of the plaque with the names of the 15 victims. His involvement in the Porvenir controversy was not limited to temporarily halting the marker. On Jan. 28, 1918, while the town was sleeping, a group of Texas Rangers and local ranchers, with help from soldiers of the Eighth U.S. Cavalry Regiment, went from home to home waking the. In 1967, Bonnie and Clyde gave the duo a certain counter-cultural cachet along the lines of Woody Guthrie's song "Pretty Boy Floyd" (recorded by Joan Baez in . Site made in collaboration with CMYK. They werent just simple farmers, White told me, referring to the victims. To protect the new Texans, Ranger companies patrolled the frontier as well as the border with Mexico. Heedless of the lives lost, the Rangers new, more aggressive approach became standard practice for the next twenty years. Today at the Presidio County Courthouse in Marfa, the "Porvenir Massacre will bememorialized by the Texas Historical Commission at 2 pm a long process thats been wrought with controversy. They were taken from their homes, led to a bluff over the Rio Grande and shot from 3 feet away by a firing squad. Full Site Menu. Co. of Texas Rangers 1861: abt 1841: Unknown: Moursund, Albert Wadel Hansen: Texas Ranger; served 8 Sep 1870 - 31 May 1871: 13 May 1845: 29 Dec 1927: 82: Greenwood Cemetery: Mueller, Heinrich, Sr. Pvt. *The Texas Historical Commission Porvenir Marker will be placed about 27 miles west of Marfa on the eastbound side of US 90. Gangsters such as Bonnie and Clyde, Pretty Boy Floyd and Machine Gun Kelly found Texas a good place to hide out. All Rangers were called in to stop the much-anticipated Fitzsimmons-Maher fight. A Houston native, she retired in the 1990s to Marfa, where she befriended the Brite family and became involved in local history. In the Battle of the Neches, near present-day Tyler, Cherokees were defeated in their attempt to retain land granted to them by a previous state treaty. But even with the Texas Historical Commissions marker there are still questions left unanswered for Moralez. After the Battle of Monterrey, one group of Rangers burned homes and killed as many as 100 civilians. They paid for the crimes of those ranger's greed. In the early days of Texas, the Rangers provided security and rule of law. village of Candelaria, Texas, the land of today's Circle Dug Ranch has a long and colorful past. Six other states were to be given to blacks as an independent nation, a buffer region between Mexico and the United States. She added that the THC had suggested two specific topics: the Christmas Day raid and a subsequent raid at the Neville Ranch. Reports of vigilante-like brutality inflicted on both Mexicans and Tejanos by these less disciplined and under-supervised Rangers increased. Full Texas Rangers schedule for the 2023 season including dates, opponents, game time and game result information. During the Mexican Revolution,Texas Rangers and other vigilantes murdered scores of Mexican-Americans. [5], Candelaria gained its first paved access to the outside world only as late as 1985 when Farm Road 170 to Presidio was surfaced.[5]. As a result of the findings, the Texas Legislature reduced the number of Ranger companies as well as the number of men in each company. Get the latest news and information for the Texas Rangers. The Rangers had to rebuild their ranks from scratch. The Candelaria family name was found in the USA between 1880 and 1920. According to its website, the program is designed to address historical gaps, promote diversity of topics, and proactively document significant underrepresented subjects or untold stories. Unlike the agencys other marker programs, anyone can apply for an undertold marker, not just county historical commissions. Austin tasked the Rangers with patrolling the roads and wilderness around the colony for errant thieves united with Indians. Many of the men who volunteered as Rangers lived in Austins colony and hoped their service would help protect their own families from attacks by American Indians. Part of coping for her is having other people learn about this dark history. White and others in Presidio County subscribe to an alternative history of the Porvenir massacre, centering on the notion that the Porvenir residents were involved in the bloody Christmas Day raid. Why do you call it a massacre? is the first thing Jim White III said over the phone when I told him I was researching the Porvenir massacre. In August, Shields called Valencia to demand details about the program for the ceremony. Under the new leadership of Captains William L. Wright, Thomas R. Hickman, and Frank Hamer, the Rangers reformed and performed as a more professional force in the 1920s. Ferguson's men formed an ineffective and often sleazy "Special Ranger" force and crime rose steadily. In mid-June, Valencia invited other descendants to the event and posted it on Facebook. They werent just simple farmers. But theyd run out of money, and the film was taken over by noted Austin filmmaker Andrew Shapter, who pitched the project to PBS and Netflix. The Rangers sign Lamar Johnson to a three-year free agent deal. The main character, Texas Ranger Jayce Pearson, was fictitious, but the stories were reenactments of actual Ranger cases. In 1998, Benita and her husband, Buddy, began tracing their family trees. The work on a revised Porvenir massacre text proceeded quickly, with few points of contention, once it began in mid-September. 8th Cavalry Regiment, usually called Terry's Texas Rangers, was organized with 1,170 men at Houston, Texas, in Deptember, 1861. Juan was a child when the massacre happened and was almost killed alongside his father, Longino Flores. And the Calanche curse seemingly continued. When Ferguson was elected, she fired every Ranger on the force for supporting her opponent. Near Candelaria is a small village called Porvenir, home to about 140 people. While not officially part of the 40-man roster, players on the 60-day injured list (IL-60) are included on the 40-Man tab. Its about who gets to tell history, and the continuing relevance of the borders contested, violent and racist past to events today. Their story contains heroic acts of bravery, but also moments that challenge our idea of the Rangers as noble lawmen. His work has appeared in Best American Travel Writing, the Gettysburg Review, CutBank and elsewhere. Marketplace. Designed by former Texas Rangers, and authorized by the TRLEA, this one-of-a-kind gun set commemorates the 200 th anniversary of the legendary Texas Rangers. The Texas Rangers all pointed their guns There was no place to hide and nowhere to run. Canales concluded that the murdered men were unarmed and innocent, targeted solely because of their ethnicity by a vigilante force organized at the Brite Ranch. They killed 80 Comanches and lost only one of their own in the fight. In the days after the massacre, the Texas Rangers commander, Captain J.M. In 2013, Martinez, by then an assistant professor at Brown University, co-founded Refusing to Forget, a group of historians aiming to create broader public awareness of border violence, including Porvenir and other extrajudicial killings of Mexicans by Texas Rangers during the same period. Working together, the Rangers and Tonkawas tracked Comanches with orders to punish them for the devastating raids they had conducted in Texas. On December 29, 1845, Texas became part of the United States. Soon bullets and arrows flew. Representative Jos T. Canales of Brownsville insisted on a legislative investigation. One re-enlisted as a Ranger, a second became a U.S. customs inspector and the third was hired by the Brite Ranch. Cherokee Chief Bowles died clutching a sword given to him by his close friend, Sam Houston. After all this time, he still hopes to find the truth. With the U.S.-Mexican War behind them, the Rangers returned their focus to patrolling the frontier and tracking American Indians, this time with a more aggressive approach. In the early years Frank rode trails near the Rio Grande, captured rustlers, smugglers, bootleggers and bandits with Company C of the Texas Rangers, Captained by John H. Rogers. "Nobody back then is alive today," Shields says. Do you think free access to journalism like this is important? The US Army responded in 1916 by establishing an army post, Camp Candelaria, that was garrisoned until late 1919. They were the same as those in Harry Warrens papers. Pittsburgh Pirates . Talking about the massacre proved healing for Flores. They did the same during the Fence Cutting Wars in the 1880s. April is a warm spring month in Candelaria, Texas, with average temperature ranging between max 75.2F (24C) and min 52.9F (11.6C). Today, they investigate some of the states most serious crimes and difficult cases and carry on the legacy of the original Rangers, who sought to protect their friends and family from harm. Subscribe to get your weekly dose of horse-riding cowboys, action-packed saloon. Benita and Buddy began advocating for a historical marker in 2000, soon after their trip to Porvenir. The music in the audio story is "Village Called Porvenir" by Arlinda Valencia and Brandi Tobar, PublishedNovember 30, 2018 at 9:15 AM CST. 1976 Dairy Isle Discs #NNO John Candelaria . . Read the most updated version of the historical marker text below. vetoed the idea, Germany got wind of the offer and panicked. The Governor warned the Rangers to stop executing Mexicans, but the violence continued for several more years. She explains that very few people know about this period of state-sanctioned violence, which is why a large part of her work is making sure incidents like this aren't forgotten. Chicago Cubs . frank hamer and maney gault candelaria Home Dressage Facilities Livery Rehabilitation Centre Sponsorship Opportunities Contact frank hamer and maney gault candelaria They freeze, powerless, weak. He guided Buddy to the bluff where the men were killed a different location than the one commonly believed by local ranchers to be the massacre site. The actual history is quite clear. Who exactly pulled the trigger? All Things Texas has brought many stories of the life of Frank Hamer. In an email to Martinez, Sadnick said that it was the only date Nau could attend this year, and that it was impossible for agency officials to make secure travel plans once the legislative session began in January. In 1880 there were 340 Candelaria families living in New Mexico. The chair, John Nau, is CEO of the nations largest Anheuser-Busch distributor and a major Republican party donor. Out of the more than 100,000 sworn law enforcement officers in Texas, only 94 are Texas Rangers, but their jurisdiction is statewide. Partners must notify. Candelaria (/kndlri/ KAN-dih-LAIR-ee-) is an unincorporated community in Presidio County, Texas, United States, with about 75 inhabitants. When I explained that the state-sanctioned extrajudicial execution of 15 men and boys met all the criteria I could think of for a massacre, he shot back, It sounds like you already have your opinion.. He served in this position until April 1911 when he became a special officer in Harris County. The Texas oil boom exploded two years later. But in the nineties, as Mexican cartels rose in power relative to. Prohibition passed in 1918. They also hope to organize a second, unofficial gathering at the marker site next year, with the participation of more descendants and the Refusing to Forget historians. With everything that was going on, we didnt want the ugliness of politics involved in it. By everything, she explained, she was referring primarily to the issue of family separation. Many descendants, including Benita and Buddy Albarado, chose not to attend. By 1910 the town reported a population of 543, a general merchandise store, a church, and a school. . In Candelaria, the average high-temperature in April slightly increases, from a pleasant 69.3F (20.7C) in March, to a moderately hot 75.2F (24C). In January 1918 the residents of Porvenir were landowners and farmers, who raised livestock, grew produce, and raised their families in an arid desert climate. The Texas Rangers Division is comprised of 150 Rangers who oversee border security operations and specialize in major crime and corruption investigations. Though the approval process for the Porvenir marker took longer than usual, by the summer of 2018 everything appeared to be falling into place. The first Texas Rangers were minutemen hired by settlers as protection against Native American attacks. What we have said, fairly emphatically, is that there will not be a dedication in El Paso. Through a spokesperson, Wolfe said that the executive committee is routinely consulted and the decision was ultimately his. EPA moves away from Permian Basin air pollution crackdown, A new bipartisan group of Texas lawmakers wants to highlight the states fragile water infrastructure, El noticiero semanal: Despidos controvertidos en Odessa, y una nueva investigacin sobre los osos de la regin Big Bend, Natural gas company considering new West Texas-Mexico pipeline. Shields is a bit resigned, understanding she'll never fully know what happened that day. We're out there to tell this story," she says. Cattlemen and ranchers went to war over the practice of stringing barbed wire around plots of land. In August, he also instructed THC staff to ask the Presidio historical commission to submit applications for markers commemorating raids by Mexicans on white ranches during the Mexican Revolution, which Nau described as a significant but largely forgotten incident in the states history.. When Texas finally met all conditions, President Ulysses S. Grant readmitted Texas to the United States. Rangers retained law enforcement responsibilities but were now also required to keep careful records of criminal investigations. Thirty-two Rangers reached the fort on March 1. He is working on a new book about the bullets and bullet casings they found which he believes implicate the U.S. Army cavalry in the shooting and also partnered with Patterson to produce a documentary. Search eBay. No Image Available. In 2000, at age 96, he decided that he wanted to return to Porvenir. The Rangers also assisted local law enforcement when the Sabine County Sheriff asked for help bringing in the Conner Gang, which was terrorizing the entire county. Their scouting and tracking skills also helped locate Mexican camps and guerilla fighters both during and after the war. The One Riot, One Ranger slogan was born. Antonio Candelaria in Texas. A lot of people say that this was a lie, Buddy told me. But if youve got a historical marker, the state has to acknowledge what happened. Their efforts were met by resistance from powerful ranching families, who held sway over the local historical commission. He left the Rangers in 1911 to become City Marshall for Navasota Texas, but he rejoined the Rangers in 1915. [2] The two towns were linked by a bridge across the river that enabled the inhabitants of San Antonio to buy groceries and supplies from Candelaria; some sent their children to school there. These Rangers engaged in many skirmishes with American Indians and often joined with the Texian Army in fighting against Mexican troops in what became the opening battles of the Texas Revolution. Frank Hamer. The Albarados had already given up when they met Monica Muoz Martinez, a Yale graduate student from Uvalde, who interviewed them for her dissertation. Moralez didn't fully understand what had happened to his grandfather, Manuel Moralez, until he was older. Narrated by David Keith, this video explores the history of the legendary Texas Rangers. The gunmen were renegade members of the US Army who were protecting the border against Pancho Villa. Hamer joined the Rangers in April 1906. It creates the logic that these raids caused this massacre, that it was retribution for these men and boys participating.. As in the past, they patrolled the frontier, tracking down cattle thieves and pursuing American Indians who raided settlements. Find out the latest on your favorite MLB teams on CBSSports.com. Flores pointed out where his old neighbors used to live, even though the buildings were gone. Click a location below to find Christopher more easily. It's hard to believe that it's been 3 years since we had the opportunity to attend the Porvenir Massacre Centennial Remembrance at the Texas Capitol in Austin, Texas. The Rangers were joined by an equal number of Tonkawas, who were traditionally enemies of Comanches. Finally, in 1919, Representative Jos Tomas Canales of Brownsville requested an investigation of the Rangers before a joint committee. Ranger Ira Aten proposed arming the fences with bombs triggered to explode when the fence wire was cut. He became part of Captain J. H. Rogers' Company C, patrolling the border in south Texas. If you support this mission, we need your help. Lara Prescotts sparkling debut novel is based on one of the Cold Wars strangest stories: a covert operation to spread a banned book across the Soviet Union. Flacco, a Lipan Apache chief, served under Ranger John (Jack) Coffee Hays in 1841 and 1842. ", Jesus Moralez feels frustrated by the mystery. His nightmares stopped. In that conflict between ranchers who wanted to keep the range open and those who wanted to fence in their land and livestock, the Rangers tracked down and arrested accused fence cutters. An Observer review of hundreds of emails shows that the state commission was aware of potential controversy over the marker from the very beginning. The street map of Candelaria is the most basic version which provides you with a comprehensive outline of the city's essentials. The Rangers and the U.S. Army drove the last Comanche and Kiowa out of the state soon after. Warren also described how one of his students from Porvenir had come to his house the next morning to tell him what happened, and then traveled with him to the massacre site to identify the bodies, many of which were so mutilated as to be virtually unrecognizable. He said yes. But Amanda Shields and her father, Jesus Moralez, aren't convinced there is any singular reason for what happened in Porvenir. Two days later, Peterson added, This whole thing is a burning football that will be thrown to the media.. For many, the victory confirmed that Texas needed to rely on its Ranger force, and not the U.S. Army, for protection. In an email from 2015, Executive Director Mark Wolfe gave John Nau, the chair of the THCs executive committee, a heads-up that while the marker was supported by historical scholarship, the [Presidio County Historical Commission] opposes the marker. The emails also demonstrate that the agency viewed the claims of historical inaccuracies in the marker text made by Mona Blocker Garcia and the county commission as minor issues of wording. As time passed, the historical records of the massacre, including Harry Warrens papers, affidavits from widows and other relatives and witness testimony from the various investigations, were largely forgotten. Territory lost in the Mexican WarTexas, New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and Californiawould be "freed" and annexed to Mexico. Then she came across the archival papers of Harry Warren, a schoolteacher, lawyer and son-in-law of Tiburcio Jquez, one of the men who was murdered. Benita immediately saw the possible connection. From a cosmic piata to Aztechnonauts, sculptor Angel Cabrales envisions an alternate history defined by Latinx creativity. In response, increasing numbers of settlers headed to the Texas frontier and created a new set of conflicts for the Rangers to police. He died before the "Texas Venture" began and his son, Stephen, led 300 families on the journey to establish new colonies along the Brazos, Colorado and San Bernard Rivers. Peterson immediately emailed Wolfe, the state commissions executive director, to say that the marker was becoming a major political issue. Initially, though, Wolfe defended the agencys handling of the marker. The history of the Texas Rangers spans nearly 200 years. The remaining residents of the isolated farm and ranch community fled across the river to Mexico, where they buried the dead in a mass grave. Texas Ranger: 11 Oct 1855: 20 Dec 1896: 41: Willow City Cemetery: Moss, T. Pvt. Under his 34-year leadership, the Rangers developed into a world-renowned criminal investigation unit. FREE delivery Jan 10 - 13 . A new era of Ranger history had begun. [2], It is unclear when Candelaria was founded, but the area was occupied by Native Americans before farmers began to grow crops on the irrigated floodplain of the Rio Grande. Of the four plausible competitors in the division, the Rangers will need the biggest turnaround, since 2022 was rough. Christopher Candelaria in Texas 24 people named Christopher Candelaria found in El Paso, Houston and 15 other cities. What other story related to this topic would you like to share. A group of Texas Rangers from Company B in Marfa, U.S. Army soldiers from Troop G of the 8th Cavalry, and local ranchers arrived at Porvenir in the early morning hours of January 28, 1918. In 1906 Frank Hamer joined the storied Texas Rangers. The new center was dedicated as the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame and Museum. The post office at Candelaria was established in 1901. These bandits operated under the protection of Mexican Captain Ignacio Garcia, who received a percentage of the profits. [4] The population fell steadily, from 250 in 1925 to 75 by 1940. At the same time the Rangers were moving away from their past as frontier lawmen, Hollywood elevated the frontier Ranger persona to new heights with The Lone Ranger television show in 1949. They became the detective arm of the Department of Public Safety, and uniformed law enforcement duties were assigned to Highway Patrol officers. Photos, illustrations and other art may be available for syndication but must be confirmed. Outlets must also tag the Observer in all social media posts. . It's here on January 28, 15 innocent boys and men are executed at the hands of Texas Rangers, U.S. Military, and Big Bend area ranchers. In late 1914, a former Texas Ranger turned outlaw by the name of Horace L. Robinson leading some twenty bad men shot . During the Texas Revolution in 1836, the provisional government authorized the first official, government-sanctioned Ranger force to patrol the Texas frontier and protect settlers from raids by American Indians. The Texas Legislature passed an act authorizing the formation of the Frontier Regiment. Welcome to Wild Westerns, home to all your favorite western movies and shows. Still, the event was described by Jeff Davis, a THC representative in attendance, as a near perfect event whose tone was somber and respectful but hopeful., Most of THCs executive committee members are not historians. We want people to know the truth of what really happened [at Porvenir], Buddy told me, and to know who it was that got this historical marker put there., Others, like Arlinda Valencia, planned to stay home. However, in 2008 the bridge was controversially removed by the US Border Patrol because of concerns that it had become, in the words of Border Patrol chief John Smietana, "a route for terrorists, drug traffickers and illegals. And that cannot be relegated to the past., After communicating with Justice and Shields, Ponton phoned THC Commissioner Gilbert Pete Peterson, who is a bank investment officer in Alpine. For more than 50 years, Webbs account was considered the definitive one of the massacre though, unsurprisingly, he didnt use that word. Why would anybody make something like that up?. Sarah Zenaida Gould, director of the Museo del Westside in San Antonio and cofounder of Latinos in Heritage Conservation, responded in an email to the agency that encapsulates the views of many of the historians I interviewed: Halting the marker process to address this statement as though it were a valid concern instead of a dog whistle is insulting to all people of color who have personally or through family history experienced state violence.. Texas balked on the slavery issue, which prompted Congress to require that the Texas Legislature also pass the 14th and 15th Amendments before being considered for readmission. The town lies in an area of rugged mountain terrain in the Chihuahuan Desert, where scrub, sotol, cacti, and sparse grasses grow. View Google Map for locations near Candelaria : Ruidosa, Ryan, Shafter, Valentine, Ochoa The town stands in the Chihuahuan Desert on the north bank of the Rio Grande, just across from the small Mexican town of San Antonio Del Bravo. These Rangers patrolled 18 forts located along a 500-mile line from the Red River to the Rio Grande. Allred overhauled the Ranger force by placing them under the newly-created Department of Public Safety (DPS). Seasons. An Observer investigation, involving dozens of interviews and hundreds of emails obtained through an open records request, reveals a county still struggling to move on from a racist and violent past, far-right amateur historians sowing disinformation and a state agency that acted against its own best judgment. The Porvenir Massacre was one of a series of clashes between Mexican-descent men and the Texas Rangers set off by the Mexican Revolution and accompanying events. Garcia cited a story a Brite descendant had told her about a young goat herder from Porvenir who purportedly witnessed the Christmas Day raid, told authorities about the perpetrators from his community and then disappeared without a trace into a witness protection program in Oklahoma. She believed the rumor that ORourke and Gutirrez would be involved. Days later, the cavalry returned to burn the abandoned village to the ground. Why Porvenir? The Homer Garrison Texas Ranger Museum opened in Waco at Fort Fisher, an original 1837 Ranger site. In Candelaria, Texas, Families Cross the Border on Steel Cables & Prayers Border and Immigration Crossing Over For families living on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border, breaching the. During this time they returned to their law enforcement duties, patrolling for smugglers and cattle rustlers on the border. Arlinda Valencia of El Paso, a descendant of Porvenir victim Longino Flores says she's glad this little-known history is becoming more public. Thousands of Rangers patrolled the frontier, fought in military battles, and arrested cattle rustlers. "It hit us like a ton of bricks, and we had, we did have to cope with it," she says. Candelaria ( / kndlri / KAN-dih-LAIR-ee-) is an unincorporated community in Presidio County, Texas, United States, with about 75 inhabitants. White is the trustee of the Brite Ranch, the site of a cross-border raid by Mexicans on Christmas Day 1917, about a month before the Porvenir massacre. This single troop loss accounted for 20% of all Alamo battle losses. A version of this story ran in the December 2018 issue. The regiment was one of the hardest fighting cavalry units in the war. Seattle Mariners, Texas Rangers. Although F.D.R. Word had spread of raiding Comanches seeking retribution for the Council House massacre. The new recruits werent yet up to the task, and Texas experienced a new era of lawlessness throughout the 1930s. [4], The remoteness of the area led to concerns about its security during the Mexican Revolution. The stage was set for the Battle of Plum Creek. The provisional Texas government passed a resolution officially creating a corps of over 50 rangers. Find out the latest game information for your favorite MLB team on CBSSports.com. "So no one can truly say 100 percent why that it happened. Hays later credited Flacco with saving his life in more than one battle with the Comanches. Compare properties, browse amenities and find your ideal property in Candelaria, Texas. Her father, 12 at the time, matched Warrens description of the student. These are not undertold histories. Now, this can finally be put to rest., The Albarados are livid that the THC chose a date that, in their view, prioritized the convenience of state and county officials over the attendance of descendants including their own daughters, who feared they wouldnt be able to get off work. Martinezs application for a Porvenir massacre marker was accepted in 2015. On October 3, the Texas Legislature declared "prizefighting" (boxing) illegal in the state. The Rangers became such a regular presence in rural areas that one publication nicknamed them prairie patrolmen.. By the late 1980s the town had shrunk to a two-room elementary school, a store, a Catholic church, and a cluster of adobe houses. No one involved in the massacre despite an investigation into the Texas Rangers was ever indicted. When the Convention removed him from office on March 16, Houston's political career was over. What personal story can you tell related to the Texas Rangers? He was the screenwriter on the deeply affecting "A Perfect World" (1993), the Clint Eastwood-directed film starring Eastwood as a legendary Texas Ranger on the trail of a career criminal named. We rely on the generosity of our readers who believe that this work is important. Positions: Third Baseman and First Baseman Bats: Both Throws: Right 6-1, 216lb (185cm, 97kg) . Candelaria is zoned to schools in the Presidio Independent School District. What were the politics that the commission was worried about, and where were these concerns coming from? People Texas Rangers outfielder Gary Ward has left the team for the fourth time . By 1911 it had grown to two stores, a church and a school, with 307 pupils in the school district and a general population of 1,842, though only a minority of these actually lived in the town. Texas Rangers Winter Caravan is back Starting Thursday, we are rolling through the Metroplex to meet you! Six Texans and many Comanche war chiefs, women, and children died. Hays and the Texas Rangers also played a crucial role in securing the Texas-Mexico border during the 1840s. Team: Washington Nationals (majors) Born: November 24, 1993 in New York, NY us Debut: July 3, 2016 (Age 22-222d, 21,180th in major league history) vs. NYM 4 AB, 1 H, 0 HR, 0 RBI, 0 SB . His memory proved to be uncanny: At the bluff, the family discovered a pre-1918 military bullet casing, still lying on the Chihuahuan desert ground. By 1843, with the threat of British involvement in the Texas issue, U.S. President John Tyler proposed annexation. However, the Rangers also became more aggressive. All of the Texas Observers articles are available for free syndication for news sources under the following conditions: The name of the town was Porvenir, or future. In the early morning hours of January 28, 1918, 15 unarmed Mexicans and Mexican Americans were awakened by a state-sanctioned vigilante force of Texas Rangers, U.S. Army cavalry and local ranchers. In early November, the THC unexpectedly announced a dedication ceremony for Friday, November 30. Top. That call set in motion the sequence of events that would ultimately derail the marker. I didnt want to take my father to a mob scene, Shields told me over the phone, by way of explaining her opposition to the dedication ceremony. 5.0 5.0 out of 5 stars (1) $24.95 $ 24. He began his career with KC but was sent to Boston for George Scott and played with Texas in 1981. That's why last year, she organized a centennial remembrance at the Texas State Capitol in Austin. Some Mexicans even gave them the nickname los diablos Tejanos: the devil Texans. While still a child, his family moved to San Saba County, in the . 1 - 2 of 2 listings - Browse Candelaria, Texas properties for sale on Land.com. It was during this time that John Jack Coffee Hays became the most famous Texas Ranger of the era. The joint committee found that the Rangers broke the law repeatedly and engaged in unwarranted violence. She began planning a program to include a priests benediction, a mariachi performance and brief remarks by Martinez, Senator Rodrguez and a representative from the THC. During the Texas Revolution, the force formalized from a security force for settlers to well-trained soldiers and finally into lawmen delivering justice to an untamed frontier. "It's not a secret anymore. 1 of 42 A 1915 postcard, 'Dead Mexican bandits' shows three Texas Rangers on horseback posed behind the bodies of four Tejanos killed apparently at random in retaliation of an earlier raid . This was about 92% of all the recorded Candelaria's in USA. The Texas Legislature authorized mass inductions of men to serve as Ranger forces. Major League Leaders . Search eBay. Governor Sam Houston refused to take an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy. Jeimer Candelario. We want these markers to stand for generations and to be as accurate as possible., With no marker to unveil, Valencia still organized a small commemoration. The Texas Rangers were called in on patrol. The date was one of just a few on which Martinez, who was still planning on organizing several public history events in conjunction with the unveiling, had told the agency months prior that she had a schedule conflict. It was the first public recognition of the tragic event of Jan. 28, 1918 where 15 men and boys were massed murdered in cold blood by Texas Rangers, Local Ranchers and US Cavalry. In 1935, the Rangers moved under the Texas Department of Public Safety, making them just one part of a larger law enforcement agency. John C. Caperton, author of Sketch of Colonel John C. Hays, Texas Ranger. In 1915, tensions between Anglos and ethnic Mexicans along the Texas-Mexico border exploded into violence between the two groups. The Rangers prowess in battle was striking, and by the end of the war the words Texas Ranger evoked images of fierce fighters and expert trackers around the world. More stringent Ranger selection criteria and a citizen complaint process were also put in place. Like Hamer, Gault was as comfortable enforcing the law on horseback as in a patrol car. Walker, Texas Ranger: Created by Christopher Canaan, Leslie Greif, Paul Haggis, Albert S. Ruddy. With a Mexican blanket tied behind his saddle and small wallet in which he carried salt and ammunition and perhaps a little panola or parched corn, spiced and sweetened a great allayer of thirst and tobacco, he was equipped for a month. She told me that she had shared a draft text of the marker with the Brites, and they had agreed that it was factually inaccurate. The Porvenir massacre controversy is about more than just the fate of a single marker destined for a lonely part of West Texas. Their intent was to chastise Lipan Indians who had been terrorizing Texas frontier settlements and then retreating to sanctuaries in Mexico. In 1823, empresario Stephen F. Austin announced he would supplement the Mexican governments militia patrols with his own force of ten men, whom he paid out of his own pocket. Despite being openly threatened and stalked by legendary Texas Ranger Frank Hamer (known for leading the hunt of Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow), Canales filed nineteen charges of misconduct. 1/15/86 . His life was spared because he was too young. Weather in April . Walker and his partner Trivette are Texas Rangers. In 2015, Justice teamed up with former Land Commissioner Jerry Patterson and Sul Ross State University archaeologist David Keller on a privately funded excavation at the massacre site. After the 1836 Texas Revolution, a wave of new settlers headed to Texas enticed by acres of land offered for little money. Republic of Texas President Mirabeau B. Lamar ordered the expulsion or extermination of all American Indian tribes. "We should be able to say a hundred years later that that's a tragedy.". By a vote of 166 to 8, the Secession Convention of Texas voted to withdraw from the Union. The day after her inauguration, Governor Miriam "Ma" Ferguson disbanded the entire Texas Ranger force as payback for their support of her gubernatorial opponent. The Lipans expected anyone pursuing them to stop at the Rio Grande; Callahan and his men didn't. Unlike White and Garcia, Justice doesnt question the innocence of the Porvenir victims. How do the Texas Rangers help tell Texas's story? Relying entirely on interviews with the murderers themselves, Webb accepted at face value Foxs discredited version of events. In the 1950s, he became an advisor for the TV show, Tales of the Texas Rangers. The Texas Legislature approved the first permanent Ranger force in 1874. Austin hired ten men to "act as rangers for the common defense" against Indian raids. T he name of the town was Porvenir, or "future." In the early morning hours of January 28, 1918, 15 unarmed Mexicans and Mexican Americans were awakened by a state-sanctioned vigilante force of. Porvenir Massacre. After Texas claimed independence from Mexico in 1836, the Texas Rangers were developed as a "fighting force" for Anglo settlers in the ongoing war for racial supremacy battling Mexican. Several rooms in Benita Albarados home in Uvalde are almost overwhelmed by filing cabinets and stacks of clipboards, the ever-growing archive of her research into what happened at Porvenir. Maney Gault's career as a Texas Ranger started in 1929 after his friend, Texas Ranger Capt. The satellite view will help you to navigate your way through foreign places with more precise image of the location. Some estimates place the number of Hispanic citizen deaths by Texas Rangers during the 1915-1918 wars with Mexico as high as 3,000. They called them bandits, when all they were doing was working and trying to make a living. Though THC records show that the Presidio commission had been consulted throughout the marker approval process, Garcia claimed to be shocked that the text was approved. These, historians broadly agree, are the facts of what happened at Porvenir. Trainer's Room Angels starter John Candelaria left after 4 2-3 innings Sunday because of a stiff left elbow. It only ceased when the U.S. Army and the Texas Rangers forced nearly all American Indians out of Texas. In the coming years, Fox re-enlisted as captain of Company A, while three of the dismissed lawmen found new employment. 85-year-old Paula Flores Smith lives in Arlington and is also related to Arlinda Valencias great-grandfather. Fox, initially reported that Porvenir residents had fired on the Rangers. A new Austin exhibit reveals how much the acclaimed Colombian writer struggled to make a living and find success. Frank Hamer, the former Texas Ranger who tracked them down and arranged for the proverbial hail of bullets that killed them, is portrayed as a ruthless stooge of the Establishment. The idea was nixed. Bands of armed "nippers" worked at night cutting the barbed wire, causing an estimated $20 million in damage. When tensions flared over the control of salt lakes near San Elizario in 1877, the Rangers were ordered to keep the peace. President Lamar ordered the Rangers to attack Comanche villages in his campaign to drive American Indians out of Texas. Agaton Quinones and Manuel Leal led groups of thieves who crossed the Rio Grande into Texas to rob travelers and rustle cattle, then fled back to Mexico to sell their stolen goods. But the violence of the Porvenir Massacre wasn't an isolated event. Texas Rangers - 2022 record: 68-94, projected 2023 fWAR: 41.9. Others stole whiskey and livestock from Mexican peasants. The Mexican government advised Stephen F. Austin that it would not provide resources to administer or defend the fledgling Tejas colonies. John (Jack) Coffee Hays led a company of Rangers toward Plum Creek. Colonel Paul Lockhart, pilot of Space Shuttle Mission STS-111, took a 1962 Texas Ranger badge into orbit in honor of the 180th anniversary of the Texas Rangers. Please notify us by email that the article will be republished at, THE ROBERT RUNYON PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTION, IMAGE 00097, COURTESY OF THE CENTER FOR AMERICAN HISTORY, THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, Courtesy Monica Muoz Martinez/Bullock Texas State History Museum, Bryan Wildenthal Memorial Library/Sul Ross State University, Jessica Lutz/IWMF Fellow Adelante Reporting Initiative, Gabriel Garca Mrquez and the (Comforting) Case for Embracing Failure, A Joyful El Paso Art Exhibit Imagines a World Ruled by Latinx People, The Secrets We Kept is a Finely-Structured Story of Secrets, Spies, and Secretaries. What artifact do you have related to the Texas Rangers? As more and more settlers poured into the frontier, conflicts inevitably arose. He goes 13-7 in . The town stands in the Chihuahuan Desert on the north bank of the Rio Grande, just across from the small Mexican town of San Antonio Del Bravo. Historians across the country also spoke out against the decision. And now, its happening again.. Sold on Rangers' vision, Eovaldi ready for '23 Nathan Eovaldi, who joined the rotation on a two-year contract with a third-year option, talked about the team's vision and outlook on 2023 at his introductory press conference on Thursday. Texas drew up a state constitution in October 1845 and was admitted as the 28th U.S. state by the end of the year. The program provides direct support to the U.S. Border Patrol through combined operations that leverage timely intelligence and cost effective detection technologies, including a network of . There are proven details surrounding the Porvenir Massacre: on January 28, 1918, 15 boys and men were killed at the hands of authorities. . Some of those, including the ancestors of prominent families still in Presidio County, had never been found in any document. Meanwhile, Martinez was given a prominent role on camera. While neither Hamer or Gault spoke much on the subject of their take down of Bonnie and Clyde, Gault continued his work in law enforcement right up until his death. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 9 Cards, 1986 Topps EJ Junior #336, 1982 Topps #341 Eric Hipple, Moose Haas 44 at the best online prices at eBay! Her confusion is difficult to understand, since the text was attached to the digital form she submitted approving it.) The idea of additional plaques to provide so-called context that could be interpreted as justifying the massacre or at the very least setting up a false moral equivalence appears to have mollified critics like White, Garcia and Justice. painting by Lee Herring. Nathaniel Lowe - Avoids arbitration Lowe avoided arbitration by signing a one-year, $4.05 million contract with the Rangers on Friday, Mark Feinsand of MLB.com reports. The Rangers spent the next several years fighting pitched battles with American Indian tribes as well as Mexican soldiers. Its hard to commemorate such a period of violence, in the midst of another ongoing humanitarian crisis, when this period of violence shaped the institutions of policing that we have today. 95. Governor James V. Allred took office in January and fired every Special Ranger appointed by Ma Ferguson. For the entire summer, Glenn Justice, a right-wing amateur historian who lives in a rural gated community an hour outside San Angelo, had been the driving force behind a whisper campaign to discredit Martinez and scuttle the dedication ceremony. MLB Youth 8-20 Team Color Alternate Primary Logo Name and Number Long Sleeve Player T-Shirt. This increased settlement led to conflicts with American Indians who already occupied the territory and a renewed desire to send the Texas Rangers out on patrol. To Benita and Buddys amazement, he remembered the names of 12 of the men who had been murdered. When I asked if there was any evidence that the boy actually existed, she acknowledged the story was folklore. Still, she said, the story has lasted 100 years. There the 200 fighters from Texas attacked 600 Comanches. Moses Austin, a founder of America's lead industry, obtained government permission to bring colonists to the territory. He rose up the ranks quickly and was soon leading Ranger companies on frontier patrols and in battles against American Indians. The Ranger Creek Estate, located in a coveted portion of the Hill Country and minutes from Boerne, offers all the . There's only one prizefight!" Over 100 years ago, our ancestors were massacred, and the reason they were massacred was because of lies that people were stating as facts, she told me in El Paso. The Brite family name, however, was everywhere. When she asked her mother what was wrong with him, she always received the same vague response: You dont understand what hes been through.. Marketplace. He hits .243 in 102 games and plays his final season (1987) with the Yankees. The year is 1918. No one was ever prosecuted. As frontier towns grew in size they often created their own law enforcement agencies, eventually making the Rangers less necessary. Over nearly 200 years, the Rangers have transformed from a small militia protecting Stephen F. Austins colony to a corps of frontier lawmen who sometimes crossed the line between law enforcement and law breaking, and finally into modern-day Texass official state police force. How did a last-gasp effort, characterized by factual errors and inflammatory language, manage to convince the state agency for historic preservation to reverse course on a marker three years in the making and sponsored by a young Latina historian with an Ivy League pedigree and Texas-Mexico border roots? The appointments of almost all the Special Rangers were cancelled, several companies of regular Rangers disbanded, and both new and existing members were subjected to more stringent qualifications. Alex Sweet, editor of the nationally-circulated humor magazine Texas Siftings, wrote in 1882: "The Rangers have done more to suppress lawlessness, to capture criminals, and to prevent Mexican and Indian raids on the frontier, than any other agency employed by either the State or national government.". By 1863, all Frontier Regiment Rangers were drafted into the Confederate Army. For most of her life, Benita, 74, knew nothing about the massacre. As the number of settlers to Texas increased, so did the number of attacks as the Americans Indians were driven off their tribal lands. To quell the violence, the Rangers implemented their own brand of lynch law against Mexicans and Tejanos. Turning a 68 . She had a hard time believing it was true, but then started to track her genealogy and found documentation of her great-grandfathers murder. Raids by Mexican outlaws intent on reclaiming Texas land (as outlined in the Plan de San Diego) escalated into guerrilla warfare. With Chuck Norris, Clarence Gilyard Jr., Sheree J. Wilson, Noble Willingham. In 2006, the THC created the Undertold Markers program, which seemed tailor-made for Porvenir. a free agent. On March 6, all 32 Rangers died. Rangers spent a lot of time smashing stills, intercepting bootleg liquor from Mexico, and handcuffing criminals to telephone poles when the jails were too full. These Rangers are now known in history as the "Immortal 32.". Its hard to commemorate such a period of violence, in the midst of another ongoing humanitarian crisis, when this period of violence shaped the institutions of policing that we have today., In the end, the Porvenir descendants will get their marker but it may come at a cost. Hundreds of people came to honor the victims and Jose T. Canales, a state representative who led an investigation of the Texas Rangers. This Western show starring Joel McCrea aired on NBC Radio from 1950 to 1952. All rights reserved. It was during this time that Ranger Captain Manuel "Lone Wolf" Gonzaullas cemented his legend as a one-man law enforcement agency along the Texas border. Search eBay. Then, on August 3, Presidio County Historical Commission Chair Mona Blocker Garcia sent an email to the THC that upended everything. Im a historian, she said. In 1868, an entrepreneur named William Russell came to the area to establish a farm worked by the local people, selling the grain to the US Army at Fort Davis and Fort Stockton. They pursue -- sometimes on horseback but more often in high-speed vehicles, boats, and aircraft -- corrupt officials and fleeing felons, investigate major crimes, suppress riots, and lend their expertise to police agencies throughout the State. Find Art Candelaria's phone number, Get directions, find nearby businesses and places, and much more. (Garcia told me that she thought she was approving a different text. Each [Ranger] was armed with a rifle, a pistol, and a knife. Remote and rugged, West Texas, along with much of the southwestern United States, has long been a key drug-smuggling corridor. But 100 years later, the meaning of those facts remains fiercely contested. Daniel Blue Tyx lives in McAllen. Ranger Exhibit Home Republic of Texas, 1836-1854 Early Statehood, 1845-1860 The American Civil War, 1861-1865 Reconstruction in Texas, 1865-1874 Late 19th Century, 1875-1901 Early 20th Century, 1900-1920 Spotlight: Muster Rolls and Oath of Enlistment Lobby Exhibits Home Republic of Texas, 1836-1845 View items in this exhibit Indian Depredations in Texas, Illustration from Rookie Status: Exceeded rookie limits during 2017 season I stopped the marker after talking to Rod [Ponton], Peterson said. Hamer was born on March 17, 1884, in Wilson County, Texas, down below San Antonio. Colonel Homer T. Garrison, Jr., was appointed as the Director of the DPS and the Chief of the Texas Rangers. Or fastest delivery Jan 9 - 12 +7. They led away 15. A scientific crime lab was built that rivaled the FBI's lab. A hunting guide was attacked in west Texas when he and his expedition stopped for the night near Candelaria, Texas. "I want to find out exactly why," he says. Martinez said that the idea of ignoring the connections between past and present went against her reasons for fighting to get a marker in the first place. No Image Available. This 1848 print depicts a Ranger astride his horse. The Official Site of Major League Baseball. The most horrific of these was La Matanza, in which dozens of Mexicans and Mexican Americans were murdered in the Rio Grande Valley in 1915. Nonetheless, THC History Programs Director Charles Sadnick sent an email to agency staff the same day: After getting some more context about where the marker sponsor may be coming from, were halting production on the marker., The American Historical Association quickly condemned the THCs decision, as did the office of state Senator Jos Rodrguez, a Democrat whose district includes both Presidio County and El Paso, where the ceremony was to be held. New Mexico had the highest population of Candelaria families in 1880. The boundaries established led directly to a war with Mexico. He also remembered the names of the ranchers who had shown up at his door. Instead of responding to attacks after they happened, the Rangers began tracking tribes movements and going on the offensive. 2022, 2021, 2022 MLB Pitching, 2022 MLB Batting, 2022 MLB Standings, 2022 MLB Attendance, 2022 MLB Rookies , . The Rangers backed incumbent governor Ross Sterling against Miriam Ma Ferguson. Using the skills they had honed battling American Indians in Texas, the Rangers quickly made a name for themselves as bold fighters during the U.S.-Mexican War (1846-48). While the U.S. Army was officially in charge of keeping pioneers safe from attacks, there often werent enough soldiers to do the job effectively. At the time, she expressed particular concern about a potential Q&A event with Martinez that would focus on parallels between border politics and violence in 1918 and today. In the summer of 1917, Presidio County deputy sheriff John Fletcher Rawls, a rancher in the Casa Piedra area of Presidio County, Texas was wounded in a shootout in the Anaya Cafe on Main Street in Presidio , Texas. He says his family didnt talk about the massacre, which is whyhe's spent several decades looking for answers. Bounded on the east by the Sierra Vieja Mountains, the Circle Dug is situated some . One of those was Texas Ranger Capt. Martinez called the idea of multiple markers deeply unsettling and not appropriate for the Undertold Marker program. At the talks, the Comanches entered with an injured hostage and demanded more money for the remaining hostages. - Victoria Advocate newspaper. 2023 season schedule, scores, stats, and highlights. They protected settlers and enforced laws, but also sometimes executed thieves without a trial, drove Native American tribes from their homelands, and some Rangers even lynched Mexicans and Mexican Americans along the Texas-Mexico border. We know they are true men; and they know exactly what they are about. Is that you? she asked. However, the men had to provide their own horses, tack, weapons, and ammunition. Co. B (II), Gillespie County, 3 rd Frontier District TST 1864: . They got what they wanted, with one bloody deed These innocent men were shot on that day The TRLEA recognizes the dedication of the Texas Rangers through assistance with educational funding for the . "[3] As of 2019, local United States citizens would still cross illegally due to lack of local service creating some informal reciprocal helps with local Border Patrol agents. 1976 Dairy Isle Discs #NNO Jose Cardenal . He complained to organizer Arlinda Valencia and local historical commission members before contacting Ponton, the county attorney, and Amanda Shields, a descendant of massacre victim Manuel Moralez. Candelaria is located on the Rio Grande in Presidio County. The Texas Ranger Special Operations Group includes the Special Weapons and Tactics Team (SWAT) and the Ranger Reconnaissance Team. And although The Highwaymen. My concern with having a series of markers is that, again, it casts suspicion on the victims of these historical events. For the descendants of Porvenir victims, understanding this tragic and painful history is a process thats taken more than 100 years. Frankly, Wolfe wrote in his reply, this might just be one where the [Presidio County Historical Commission] isnt going to be happy, and thats why these stories have been untold for so long. Peterson wrote back to say that he had been in touch with members of the THC executive committee, which consists of 15 members appointed by either former Governor Rick Perry or Governor Greg Abbott, and that an email about the controversy had been forwarded to THC chair John Nau. Benita was perplexed that she couldnt find any documentation about her grandfather, Longino Flores. The most Candelaria families were found in USA in 1880. In the late 1910s, the role of Rangers in Texas was once again called into question as violence and scandal breached public trust and challenged their role as frontier heroes. What she did know was that her father, Juan Flores, had terrible nightmares, and that in 1950 he checked himself in to a state mental hospital for symptoms that today would be recognized as PTSD. For generations, ranching families like the Brites have dominated the social, economic and political life of Presidio County. December 11, 2000: Texas signs Alex Rodriguez to a 10-year, $252 million contract that more than doubles . I seriously doubt that they were just killed for no reason. Once hed heard about the historical marker, he said, hed talked to everyone he knew about it, including former Texas Land Commissioner Jerry Patterson and Mona Blocker Garcia. In the transition, Justice was demoted to the role of one of 12 consulting historians. With many of them, Indian and Mexican fighting has been their trade for years. Benita and Buddy Albarado told me that Shields views represent a small minority of descendants. They came to the ranch of Manuel Moralez and separated fifteen able-bodied men and boys from the women, children and other men. Owning a piece of Texas Ranger history is now possible, but the opportunity is limited. CANDELARIA, TEXAS Texas Ghost Town Presidio County, West Texas 30 8' 19" N, 104 40' 59" W (30.138611, -104.683056) Farm Road 170 (dead end) After the Uvalde mass shooting, will the Texas Legislature pass meaningful gun reform? Some were also motivated by the desire to take revenge on American Indians for past raids. In a visit to the Marfa & Presidio County Museum, I was told that there were almost no Hispanic surnames in any of the exhibits, though 84 percent of the county is Hispanic. The Porvenir massacre was an incident on January 28, 1918 outside the village of Porvenir, in Presidio County, Texas, in which Texas Rangers and local ranchers, with the support of U.S. Cavalry, killed 15 unarmed Mexican American boys and men. During Reconstruction, southern states were required to nullify acts of secession, abolish slavery, and ratify the 13th Amendment in order to be readmitted to the Union. All able-bodied men were required to report for service to the Confederate Army. Garcia confirmed that she had been approached by THC staff. Walker Daugherty, 26, and Edwin Roberts, 59, were injured in the Jan. 6, 2017 . 2,235,326 Candelaria,_texas Premium High Res Photos Browse 2,235,326 candelaria,_texas stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. Warren had made a list of the victims, and Longinos name was among them. In the early morning hours of Jan. 28, 1918, a group of ranchers, Texas Rangers, and U.S. Army cavalry soldiers entered the village and rousted the residents from their beds. But he believes that additional context is necessary to understand the reasons for the massacre, which he views as an aberration, rather than a representatively violent part of a long history of racism. Texas Rangers . Fighting in some of the periods most significant battles between Texans and American Indians, Hays quickly proved himself to be a strong leader, smart decision-maker, and fearless and brutal fighter. Events like the Brite Ranch raid and the Neville raid have been documented by historians for over a century, she said. Benita and Buddy drove from Uvalde to Odessa, where her father lived, with her photocopied papers. On June 1, Presidio County Historical Commission chair Garcia approved the final text. No Image Available. "Why they were massacred.". In response to the increasing number of attacks by Quinoness and Leals men, Hays was given broad legal powers to track down the thieves and execute them without trial, which he did. Garcias last-minute letter may have been a factor, but it wasnt the only one. The Mexican Revolution is underway, and racial and political tensions along the U.S.-Mexico border are heightened. I visited Garcia at her Marfa home, an 1886 adobe thats the same age as the venerable Marfa County Courthouse down the street. In Texas, the Rangers filled in the gaps. Subsequent investigations by the Mexican consulate, the U.S. Army and state Representative J.T. We have set your language to We begin to tick off the seconds as it goes on and on, long after there is no chance of survival for either one. 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